MathIsimple

Lesson 1-4: Fraction ÷ Fraction

Master dividing fractions by fractions using the reciprocal method and measurement division!

Learning Scenario: Watering Plants

Scenario: You have a watering can with 5/6 liters of water. Each plant needs 1/3 liters of water. How many plants can you water with the water in your can?

What We Need to Find:

  • • Number of plants that can be watered
  • • Total water: 5/6 liters
  • • Water per plant: 1/3 liters
  • • We need: 5/6 ÷ 1/3 = ?

Tools We'll Use:

  • • Fraction strips
  • • Reciprocal method
  • • Measurement division
  • • Real-world verification

Method 1: Reciprocal Method

The Core Algorithm

To divide fractions, we multiply by the reciprocal (flip) of the divisor:

a/b ÷ c/d = a/b × d/c

For 5/6 ÷ 1/3:

  • • Flip the divisor: 1/3 becomes 3/1
  • • Change ÷ to ×: 5/6 × 3/1
  • • Multiply: (5×3)/(6×1) = 15/6
  • • Simplify: 15/6 = 5/2 = 2 1/2

General Steps:

  • • Keep the first fraction
  • • Change ÷ to ×
  • • Flip the second fraction
  • • Multiply and simplify

Understanding the Result

5/6 ÷ 1/3 = 5/2 = 2 1/2

You can water 2 complete plants and half of another

Answer: You can water 2 1/2 plants with 5/6 liters of water!

Method 2: Measurement Division

"How Many Groups" Thinking

We can also think of this as "How many groups of 1/3 are in 5/6?" This is measurement division.

5/6 liters divided into groups of 1/3 liters each:

Each group = 1/3 liter

Visual Count:

We can fit 2 complete groups of 1/3, plus 1/2 of another group

Mathematical Check:

2 × 1/3 + 1/2 × 1/3 = 2/3 + 1/6 = 5/6 ✓

Real-World Verification

Checking Our Answer

Let's verify that 2 1/2 plants makes sense by working backwards:

2 plants × 1/3 L = 2/3 L

Water for 2 complete plants

1/2 plant × 1/3 L = 1/6 L

Water for half a plant

2/3 + 1/6 = 4/6 + 1/6 = 5/6 L ✓

Total water used

Perfect! Our answer checks out. We used exactly 5/6 liters of water.

Practice Problems

Problem 1: Recipe Scaling

A recipe calls for 3/4 cup of flour, but you only have 1/2 cup. What fraction of the recipe can you make?

1/2 ÷ 3/4 = 1/2 × 4/3 = 4/6 = 2/3

Answer: You can make 2/3 of the recipe.

More Practice

Calculate: 3/5 ÷ 2/7

3/5 ÷ 2/7 = 3/5 × 7/2 = 21/10 = 2 1/10

Calculate: 4/9 ÷ 5/3

4/9 ÷ 5/3 = 4/9 × 3/5 = 12/45 = 4/15

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Mistake 1: Not Flipping the Second Fraction

❌ 5/6 ÷ 1/3 = 5/6 × 1/3 = 5/18 (WRONG!)

You must flip the second fraction!

Correct: 5/6 ÷ 1/3 = 5/6 × 3/1 = 15/6 = 5/2

Mistake 2: Flipping Both Fractions

❌ 5/6 ÷ 1/3 = 6/5 × 3/1 = 18/5 (WRONG!)

Only flip the second fraction!

Correct: Keep the first fraction, flip only the second: 5/6 × 3/1

Key Takeaways

Algorithm Steps

  • Keep the first fraction unchanged
  • Change ÷ to ×
  • Flip the second fraction (reciprocal)
  • Multiply and simplify

Remember

  • Only flip the second fraction
  • Use measurement division to understand
  • Always check your answer makes sense
  • Practice with real-world examples