MathIsimple
Lesson 2-2

Within 10 Operations

Master addition and subtraction with numbers up to 10 using number lines and visual aids

Number LinesMake 10 FriendsVisual ToolsFluency Building
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Key Concepts

Master the tools and strategies for operations within 10

Number Line Addition

Use a number line to add by counting forward. Start at the first number and count forward the second number.

Examples:

4 + 3: Start at 4, count forward 3 → 4, 5, 6, 7
2 + 5: Start at 2, count forward 5 → 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
6 + 2: Start at 6, count forward 2 → 6, 7, 8

Number Line Subtraction

Use a number line to subtract by counting backward. Start at the first number and count backward the second number.

Examples:

8 - 3: Start at 8, count backward 3 → 8, 7, 6, 5
9 - 4: Start at 9, count backward 4 → 9, 8, 7, 6, 5
7 - 2: Start at 7, count backward 2 → 7, 6, 5

Make 10 Combinations

Learn the number pairs that add up to 10. These are your 'make 10' friends!

Examples:

1 + 9 = 10
2 + 8 = 10
3 + 7 = 10
4 + 6 = 10
5 + 5 = 10

Interactive Practice

Practice operations within 10 using visual tools and games

Number Line Addition

Practice adding numbers using an interactive number line.

Activity: Drag the starting point and count forward to find the answer

Number Line Subtraction

Practice subtracting numbers using an interactive number line.

Activity: Drag the starting point and count backward to find the answer

Make 10 Memory Game

Match number pairs that make 10.

Activity: Flip cards to find matching pairs that add to 10

Example Library

See step-by-step solutions for operations within 10

Addition: 4 + 5

Problem:

Use the number line to add 4 + 5

Solution:

4 + 5 = 9

Steps:

  1. 1Start at 4 on the number line
  2. 2Count forward 5 spaces: 4 → 5 → 6 → 7 → 8 → 9
  3. 3The answer is 9

Visual:

Number line: 0-1-2-3-[4]-5-6-7-8-9 (start at 4, count forward 5)

Subtraction: 9 - 3

Problem:

Use the number line to subtract 9 - 3

Solution:

9 - 3 = 6

Steps:

  1. 1Start at 9 on the number line
  2. 2Count backward 3 spaces: 9 → 8 → 7 → 6
  3. 3The answer is 6

Visual:

Number line: 0-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-[9] (start at 9, count backward 3)

Make 10: 7 + ? = 10

Problem:

What number do you add to 7 to make 10?

Solution:

7 + 3 = 10

Steps:

  1. 1Think: What number plus 7 equals 10?
  2. 2Use make 10 combinations: 7 + 3 = 10
  3. 3The missing number is 3

Visual:

7 circles + 3 circles = 10 circles total

Make 10: 4 + 6

Problem:

Add 4 + 6 using make 10 strategy

Solution:

4 + 6 = 10

Steps:

  1. 1Recognize this as a make 10 combination
  2. 24 + 6 = 10 (these are make 10 friends)
  3. 3No counting needed - just remember!

Visual:

4 circles + 6 circles = 10 circles (make 10 friends)

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