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RVU Calculator

RVU Calculator

Calculate Work Relative Value Units (wRVUs) for medical services using CPT codes. Essential for medical billing, physician compensation, and healthcare management.

100% FreeCPT Code DatabasePayment Estimation
Work RVU Calculator
Enter CPT codes and units to calculate total Work RVUs and estimated payments

2026 Medicare rate: $33.89 (optional for payment estimation)

Medical Services

CPT Code
Description
Units
wRVU/Unit
Total wRVU
Action
0.00
Common CPT Codes
Click on any code to add it to your calculation
99213
Established Patient Office Visit - Low
1.3 wRVU
99214
Established Patient Office Visit - Moderate
1.92 wRVU
99203
New Patient Office Visit - Moderate
2.6 wRVU
99232
Subsequent Hospital Care - Moderate
1.5 wRVU
99284
Emergency Visit - Moderate to High
3.5 wRVU
71046
Chest X-ray - Two Views
0.26 wRVU
Understanding RVUs in Healthcare

Relative Value Units (RVUs) are the foundation of the Medicare physician payment system and are widely used throughout healthcare for:

Three RVU Components:

  • Work RVU (wRVU): Physician time, effort, and skill
  • Practice Expense RVU: Overhead costs (staff, equipment, supplies)
  • Malpractice RVU: Professional liability insurance costs

This calculator focuses on Work RVUs - the most important component for physician productivity and compensation analysis.

RVU Applications

Medical Billing:

Medicare payment=wRVU×Conversion Factor×Geographic adjustment\text{Medicare payment} = \text{wRVU} \times \text{Conversion Factor} \times \text{Geographic adjustment}

Example: 10 wRVUs×$33.89=$338.9010 \text{ wRVUs} \times \$33.89 = \$338.90 base payment

Physician Compensation:

Many healthcare organizations pay physicians based on wRVU production.

Typical rates: $40-80 per wRVU depending on specialty and market

Practice Management:

  • Productivity benchmarking
  • Service line profitability
  • Resource allocation
  • Performance measurement
Quick Reference Guide

How to Use

  1. Enter CPT codes (auto-fills wRVU values)
  2. Specify number of units performed
  3. Set conversion factor if estimating payment
  4. Calculate total wRVUs and estimated revenue

wRVU Benchmarks

  • Primary Care: 4,000-6,000 annually
  • Internal Medicine: 4,500-6,500 annually
  • Surgery: 6,000-10,000+ annually
  • Radiology: 8,000-12,000 annually

Payment Facts

  • Medicare 2026: $33.89 per wRVU
  • Commercial rates: Often 120-200% of Medicare
  • Geographic adjustment: Varies by location
  • Annual updates: CMS publishes new rates yearly
The Invisible Hand of Medicine: How RVUs Shape What Doctors Do

The RVU system was originally designed as a fair way to value physician services. But it has had an unintended consequence: because procedure-heavy specialties generate far more wRVUs per hour than cognitive (evaluation-and-management) specialties, the system creates financial incentives that pull physicians away from primary care.

The Specialty wRVU Gap

Orthopedic surgeon (knee replacement)23.24 wRVU/case
Dermatologist (skin biopsy)1.52 wRVU/15 min
Primary care (99214 visit)1.92 wRVU/30 min

A dermatologist performing biopsies can generate 6+ wRVUs/hour, while a primary care physician averages about 4 wRVUs/hour — at significantly higher documentation burden.

The Economic Consequence

With wRVU-based compensation, hourly earnings vary dramatically by specialty:

Hourly rate=wRVUtime×$ per wRVU\text{Hourly rate} = \frac{\text{wRVU}}{\text{time}} \times \text{\$ per wRVU}Orthopedics23.242h×$55$639/hr\text{Orthopedics} \approx \frac{23.24}{2\text{h}} \times \$55 \approx \$639\text{/hr}Primary care1.920.5h×$55$211/hr\text{Primary care} \approx \frac{1.92}{0.5\text{h}} \times \$55 \approx \$211\text{/hr}

This 3:1 pay ratio helps explain why the U.S. faces a projected shortage of up to 48,000 primary care physicians by 2034 (AAMC data).

The RUC controversy: The AMA/Specialty Society Relative Value Scale Update Committee (RUC) — a 31-member panel dominated by specialists — recommends wRVU values to CMS. Critics argue this structure systematically undervalues primary care and overvalues procedures, since specialists effectively set their own prices.

Frequently Asked Questions

Relative Value Unit (RVU) measures physician work complexity. wRVU (work RVU) reflects time, skill, and effort. Total RVU = wRVU + practice expense RVU + malpractice RVU. Medicare uses RVUs to calculate physician payments.
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RVU Calculator 2025-2026 - Free wRVU & Work RVU Calculator | MathIsimple